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Bitcoin is struggling to hold above the $90,000 level as uncertainty continues to dominate market sentiment. After weeks of consolidation and failed recovery attempts, price action reflects a fragile balance between cautious buyers and persistent selling pressure. While traders focus on technical levels and macro signals, an often-overlooked component of the Bitcoin ecosystem is quietly sending important warnings: miner behavior.

Top analyst Darkfost explains that mining activity comes with variable and rising costs, including energy, hardware, and operational expenses. When miners begin operating at a loss, they are typically left with two main options, which are often used in combination. The first is to sell BTC to cover expenses and remain operational. The second is to reduce or shut down activity by turning off machines, effectively lowering their exposure to unprofitable conditions.

At its core, Bitcoin mining consists of solving cryptographic problems using computational power. The network is engineered so that one block is mined roughly every 10 minutes. When block times drift higher or lower, the protocol automatically adjusts mining difficulty every 2,016 blocks to restore equilibrium. These adjustments, combined with miner profitability, are directly reflected in the network’s hashrate.

Currently, the hashrate is declining, signaling mounting stress across the mining sector. This suggests miners are scaling back operations, a dynamic that often coincides with heightened market fragility and elevated sell-side risk for Bitcoin.

Miner Pressure Eases as Difficulty Adjusts Lower

Today, Bitcoin’s mining difficulty is beginning to adjust, offering early signs of relief for a sector that has been under sustained pressure. The latest adjustment shows a decline of approximately 2.6%, and current projections suggest the next difficulty change could also move lower by around 1.88%. While these figures may appear modest, they carry meaningful implications for miner behavior and broader market dynamics.

A downward difficulty adjustment reduces the computational effort required to mine new blocks, effectively lowering operational stress for miners. As a result, profitability conditions improve at the margin, even if Bitcoin’s price remains range-bound.

This easing of pressure helps stabilize mining activity and, critically, reduces the urgency for miners to sell BTC simply to cover operating costs. Historically, periods when miner stress begins to unwind have often coincided with declining sell-side pressure from this cohort.

These dynamics are implicitly captured by the Hash Ribbons indicator, which tracks short- and long-term moving averages of the network hashrate to identify miner capitulation and recovery phases. Darkfost notes that Hash Ribbons is still flashing a buy signal, indicating that the market remains in a post-capitulation environment where miner selling pressure has largely been absorbed.

However, this signal is now starting to fade. As difficulty adjusts downward and conditions normalize, miners are likely to gradually return to full operational capacity. As machines come back online, the hashrate should trend higher, marking the transition out of the stress phase and signaling that the window of miner-driven relief may be narrowing.

Price Action Remains Range-Bound Below Key Averages

Bitcoin continues to trade in a broad consolidation range after the sharp sell-off from the October highs, with price currently hovering around the $90,000–$92,000 zone. The chart shows BTC attempting to stabilize after reclaiming the red long-term moving average, but upside momentum remains limited as price is still capped below the blue and green mid-term moving averages, which are now acting as dynamic resistance.

The recent bounce from the $85,000–$87,000 area suggests that buyers are defending this demand zone, which has repeatedly attracted bids since late November. However, the structure remains corrective rather than impulsive. Each recovery attempt has produced lower highs, signaling that sellers continue to distribute into strength. Volume also remains relatively muted compared to the sell-off phase, reinforcing the idea that this move is a consolidation rather than a trend reversal.

From a structural perspective, Bitcoin remains trapped between strong resistance near $95,000–$98,000 and key support around $85,000. A decisive reclaim of the 100-day and 200-day moving averages would be required to confirm a bullish regime shift. Until that happens, price action favors continued sideways movement or another test of lower support.

Overall, the chart reflects a market in balance: sellers are no longer in full control, but buyers lack the conviction needed to push Bitcoin back into a sustained uptrend.

Featured image from ChatGPT, chart from TradingView.com 

As the US Congress gears up to mark up the long-awaited crypto market structure bill on January 15, industry representatives are actively engaging in discussions regarding the critical elements of this legislation. 

Summer Mersinger, CEO of the Blockchain Association, highlighted important points concerning the state of the bill and the ongoing negotiations among lawmakers in a recent social media post on X (formerly Twitter).

Key Points For Crypto Market Structure Bill

Mersinger described the upcoming markup as a pivotal moment for digital asset legislation, emphasizing the significance of the moment for US leadership in the crypto space. 

While she expressed gratitude to Senate leadership for their efforts, she underscored the necessity of addressing several “non-negotiable issues” to ensure that the bill remains durable, workable, and supportive of innovation.

One of the primary concerns Mersinger raised was the need for developer protections. She argued that the builders of peer-to-peer (P2P), open-source technologies should not be classified as financial intermediaries, making it essential for the inclusion of the BRCA (Blockchain Regulatory Compliance Act) in the market structure bill. 

Additionally, Mersinger highlighted the need to amend “outdated laws,” which she alleges poses risks of meritless criminal prosecutions for developers simply writing code for non-custodial technologies.

Another critical point made by Mersinger is the preservation of decentralized finance (DeFi). She emphasized that DeFi must not be legislated out of existence, stating that open and decentralized innovation is vital for US competitiveness in the global market. 

She stressed that more than 110 organizations and companies have voiced similar sentiments, as illustrated by an August 2025 letter sent to the Senate advocating for developer protections.

Bipartisan Compromise On Stablecoins At Risk

Stablecoin policy also emerged as a significant topic in Mersinger’s remarks. She urged Congress to safeguard a bipartisan compromise established in the GENIUS Act, warning against measures that would impose yield bans, which could constrain lawful rewards and favor large banking institutions over new entrants to the market. 

Mersinger stressed that market structure reforms should facilitate competition between emerging players and legacy institutions, rather than entrench existing advantages.

Mersinger’s statement comes on the heels of insights shared by crypto journalist Eleanor Terret who recently disclosed that the Senate Banking Committee plans to pass the bill next week, after which it will be merged with the Senate Agriculture Committee’s portion before heading to the Senate floor for a full vote. 

Should this process proceed smoothly, the bill could reach President Trump’s desk for signing, with Terret estimating that this could happen as early as March. However, she cautioned that if the House decides to make amendments to the Senate’s version, the timeline could extend into the summer.

Featured image from DALL-E, chart from TradingView.com 

Ethereum is once again attempting to reclaim the $3,100 level after several days of speculation, hesitation, and mixed signals across the broader crypto market. While price action has shown signs of stabilization, conviction remains limited, keeping traders cautious as Ethereum hovers near a key inflection zone. Bulls are trying to regain control, but the market is still searching for confirmation that the recent pullback has fully played out.

According to an analysis published on CryptoQuant, derivatives data offers important context for this phase of consolidation. Open Interest across Ethereum markets currently sits around $7.8 billion, while price trades near $3,100. This positioning is notable because it reflects a balanced environment: Open Interest is neither at extreme lows, which would signal mass position unwinding, nor at overheated highs typically associated with excessive leverage and fragility.

Instead, the data suggests that market participants are largely maintaining existing positions rather than aggressively exiting or entering new trades. This behavior points to a compression phase, where traders are waiting for a clearer directional catalyst before committing further capital. Such conditions often precede sharp moves, as volatility tends to expand once the price breaks out of consolidation.

As Ethereum tests this critical level, the interaction between price stability and sustained Open Interest will be key. Whether this balance resolves into a bullish continuation or a renewed downside move will likely define Ethereum’s short-term trajectory.

Rising Open Interest Signals Breakout Risk for Ethereum

The report explains that Ethereum’s recent price behavior is increasingly constructive when viewed alongside derivatives data. Over the past sessions, price has been trending modestly higher while Open Interest has continued to rise. This combination is important: it suggests that new positions are being opened without a meaningful reduction in existing exposure. In practical terms, market participants are engaged rather than sidelined, and positioning is building rather than unwinding.

At the same time, volatility is beginning to expand after a prolonged period of compression. This type of environment often precedes a decisive move, as price and positioning tighten into a narrower range. Notably, Open Interest has now recovered above its SMA(30), SMA(50), and SMA(100) moving averages. This shift signals a renewed willingness to take risks in the leveraged market and confirms that traders are gradually increasing exposure instead of reacting impulsively.

If Ethereum can continue to hold above the $3,000 level and Open Interest rises steadily—rather than through abrupt spikes that typically precede liquidations—the setup favors a controlled, spot-driven advance. Under these conditions, price could extend toward the $3,700 area, which represents a natural upside objective for this structure.

Ethereum appears to be preparing for an imminent breakout. With Open Interest climbing and demand improving, a sharp move is increasingly likely. The market will either resolve through a clean upside break above the $3,324 resistance or be flushed via liquidations. The bias remains for a positive breakout toward $3,700, followed by a reassessment within the broader downtrend.

ETH Consolidates at a Critical Long-Term Pivot Zone

Ethereum’s price action on the weekly chart shows a market caught between structural support and unresolved bearish pressure. After failing to sustain momentum above the $4,000–$4,200 zone in 2025, ETH entered a broad corrective phase that pushed price back toward the $3,000 area, where it is currently consolidating. This region has become a pivotal battleground, acting as a medium-term equilibrium between buyers and sellers.

From a trend perspective, ETH is trading near its long-term moving averages, with the 200-week moving average providing dynamic support around the mid-$2,000s. The ability to remain above this level suggests that the broader uptrend from the 2022 lows is not yet invalidated. However, price remains capped below declining shorter-term averages, highlighting that bullish momentum is still weak and rallies continue to face supply.

Structurally, the market is forming a wide consolidation range between roughly $2,700 and $3,400. A sustained hold above $3,100 keeps ETH in range-bound conditions, but does not confirm trend reversal.

For bulls, reclaiming and holding above the $3,300–$3,400 resistance zone would be the first signal of renewed strength and a potential path toward higher levels. Until then, Ethereum remains vulnerable to further downside volatility if support near $2,800–$2,700 is revisited.

Featured image from ChatGPT, chart from TradingView.com 

South Korea has announced plans to introduce Bitcoin spot exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in 2026 as part of broader digital asset reforms.

South Korea Using US & Hong Kong Crypto Spot ETFs As A Reference

South Korea revealed in its 2026 Economic Growth Strategy plans to allow spot digital asset ETFs this year, according to Wu Blockchain, citing local media outlet News1.

Spot ETFs are investment vehicles that allow traders to gain exposure to an underlying asset without having to directly own it. Such vehicles trade in the traditional markets, so investors of a spot ETF tied to a cryptocurrency never have to interact with blockchain components like wallets and exchanges.

Instead, the funds buy and custody the assets on behalf of investors. In recent years, spot ETFs tied to cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin have gained adoption in different regions of the world as DeFi and TradFi intersect.

The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) approved spot ETFs for Bitcoin in January 2024 and Ethereum in July 2024, while the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) allowed both in April 2024. Approvals related to altcoins like Solana followed in 2025.

Now, it would appear that South Korea is also looking to join the fray. Per the report, the country’s government has explicitly cited the digital asset spot ETF markets active in the US and Hong Kong as key reference points. Plans related to spot ETFs aren’t all that South Korea has announced. The Financial Services Commission (FSC) of the country is also accelerating the next phase of its digital asset legislation, which will establish a framework for stablecoins.

In the East Asian bloc, other governments have already made progress on stablecoins. Hong Kong enacted its stablecoin legislation in August, while Japan saw the launch of its first yen-backed token in October. While South Korea has set a timeframe of 2026, it’s unknown when exactly spot ETFs could be introduced. As such, it only remains to be seen what plans the government will reveal next and which assets besides Bitcoin will be covered.

Speaking of spot Bitcoin ETFs, these funds have been facing outflows in the US recently, as data from SoSoValue shows.

From the chart, it’s visible that the Bitcoin spot ETF weekly netflow has mostly been negative since the cryptocurrency’s decline started in October. There were a few weeks that saw a positive value, but the scale of net inflows remained limited.

The netflow for the latest week has stood at a negative $431 million, meaning that the US funds are continuing to bleed.

BTC Price

Bitcoin has erased some of its recent gains as its price has retraced back to $90,500.

A day after the Electric Coin Company’s breakup, the team behind Zashi said it is spinning out into a new Zcash-focused company and launching a new wallet built from the existing Zashi codebase. The move is framed as an effort to “scale Zcash to billions,” while keeping the group’s work narrowly centered on the Zcash stack.

In a message signed by Josh Swihart, the developers said the new wallet is code-named “cashZ” and will reuse the codebase originally built for Zashi. The team also opened a waitlist for early access, telling existing Zashi users that “all you need to do is join the waitlist” and that a migration will be designed to feel as seamless as the current Zashi experience once cashZ is live “in a few weeks.”

The announcement attempted to answer what it expects will be the community’s first question after an organizational breakup: whether the engineers are still committed to Zcash. “The entire team that worked at Electric Coin Company and built Zashi is still 100% focused on full-stack Zcash development,” the post said. “We aren’t launching any new coins, we’re just scaling Zcash. To do that, it required that we leave and start a new Zcash-focused company.”

Why Zcash’s Core Builders Are Starting A New Company

The team said the decision to form a new company came down to three ideas: Zcash’s cypherpunk roots, governance and incentive alignment, and a need to scale.

In the longest section, the developers cast the past decade of crypto regulation as a kind of prolonged stress test for privacy, describing it as “a decade of compliance theater.” The post argued that privacy-preserving tools are not merely a technical preference but a civil-liberties issue that requires a more assertive posture from the organizations building them.

“This effort was not simply about complying with unjust laws. Of course, we must abide by the law, or else be thrown in a cage,” the message said. “But when the law is unjust, we have a moral imperative to work to change the unjust law. One tool for that is code.”

From that premise, the team connected Zcash’s mission to mainstreaming privacy online, positioning the protocol as “a peaceful global reform movement” and saying that a structure bogged down by internal friction would be poorly suited to that fight. “To do this, we need an organization that has courage,” it added, arguing for “cypherpunk leadership” and a governance model that “can’t cut through red tape.”

A second argument centered on what the post described as chronic misalignment when nonprofits and venture-style startups are intertwined. The team cited recent commentary from Andreessen Horowitz to bolster the idea that crypto’s “foundation era” is ending, while distinguishing the Zcash Foundation as an example of a standalone nonprofit that can do effective work.

The critique was not subtle: “Nonprofits are about rule-lawyering, while tech startups are about rewriting the rules,” the statement said, adding that nonprofit boards often lack the accountability mechanisms of corporate boards. The team also pointed to heightened scrutiny of US nonprofits and the risk of tax exemptions being challenged, arguing there is “no benefit in keeping a fast-growing technology company under a nonprofit when the substance of the organization is a for-profit.”

The final section placed the wallet launch inside a bigger ambition: to make Zcash large enough that privacy becomes difficult to marginalize. It framed the strategic choice as binary: “to be so small they can’t see you, or so big they can’t stop you.”

The post claimed that Zcash has undergone “a complete rebirth” over the past two years, crediting an ecosystem-wide effort and naming contributors including Sean Bowe, genzcash, and Shielded Labs, alongside “many more who prefer to remain unnamed.” That resurgence, it argued, changes the operating environment: “We are no longer so small they can’t see us. Everyone can see us. We now need to get so big they can’t stop us.”

For now, the tangible deliverable is cashZ, with the team promising more details later and signaling that execution will be the message. “Actions will speak louder than words,” Swihart wrote, urging users to join the waitlist as the developers “boot up” the new wallet and push toward what they describe as “onboarding billions to Zcash.”

At press time, the ZEC price recovered some losses from yesterday’s crash and traded at $436.

As the US Senate delves into the highly anticipated crypto market structure bill, known as the CLARITY Act, optimism is building ahead of the January 15 markup that could see the legislation advance to President Donald Trump’s desk.

Senate Reviews Crucial Crypto Bill

On Friday, Senator Cynthia Lummis, a prominent advocate for pro-crypto policies, shared insights on social media platform X (formerly Twitter), indicating that the Senate is engaging in a “light reading” of the bill. 

This step follows extensive negotiations involving not only bipartisan discussions between Democrats and Republicans but also interactions among lobbyists from both the cryptocurrency and traditional banking sectors. 

Key provisions, including stablecoin incentives outlined in the GENIUS Act, are proving pivotal for the bill’s potential success, as reported by Bitcoinist over the past few weeks.

Market expert MartyParty also chimed in, providing updates on social media regarding the Senate’s ongoing review of the long-awaited legislation that builds on the House-passed Digital Asset Market Clarity Act. 

Path To Passage

MartyParty noted that the review is especially timely, as it aligns with the upcoming markup sessions scheduled for the Senate Banking Committee, chaired by Senator Tim Scott, as well as discussions in the Agriculture Committee. 

He clarified that these sessions aim to take place around January 15, 2026, although some reports suggest that they might occur as late as January 16. The markups will provide an opportunity for amendments, debates, and committee-level votes on the bill’s language.

If the bill successfully advances out of both committees, the expert stressed that the drafts will be reconciled before moving to a full Senate floor vote. Achieving this step will require securing at least 60 votes to overcome any potential filibuster, emphasizing the need for bipartisan support.

Featured image from DALL-E, chart from TradingView.com 

The idea of an altcoin season rolling in is still active, and early signals are starting to surface. These signs are not through price moves but through changes in on-chain behavior and trader activity. 

At the center of these observations is Ethereum, the leading altcoin, which has always led previous altcoin seasons. However, other interesting behavior is showing up in other large-market-cap cryptocurrencies, which implies any altcoin season from here might be different from previous ones.

Ethereum Usage Holds Even With Price Consolidation

On-chain signals linked to an altcoin season are beginning to appear across several large-market-cap cryptocurrencies, which implies that any rotation into altcoins may not be driven by Ethereum alone this time. That said, Ethereum is still exhibiting a set of familiar traits that have always placed it at the center of past altcoin cycles.

Related Reading: Ethereum Enters Overbought Levels With Weekend Pump, Why A Crash Could Be Coming

For example, on-chain data shows Ethereum maintaining activity levels close to cycle highs even as its price continues to move sideways, fluctuating above and below $3,000. In previous market periods, consolidations of this nature were typically paired with a noticeable decline in network usage as traders lost interest and speculative activity cooled. 

This time, that pullback in engagement has not materialized. Active addresses and transaction activity are still high, with the recent numbers coming in around 472,000 active addresses. In previous altcoin cycles, similar conditions appeared just before Ethereum began to outperform Bitcoin and led the rotation into altcoins. Now, history might be repeating itself.

XRP, Solana, And BNB Reflect Early Altcoin Season Positioning

In addition to Ethereum, behavior across other large-cap altcoins adds context to the setup of an incoming altcoin season. Notably, on-chain data tied to XRP shows that whales are not sending tokens to exchanges after recent price moves. The current lack of sustained inflows from XRP whales into crypto exchanges means that larger holders are holding their positions, which is a behavior more consistent with anticipation than profit-taking.

Related Reading: Altcoin Season In Q1? Bitcoin, Ethereum Breakdown Maps Out Performance

At the same time, Solana is also beginning to see a return of retail participation. Trading activity is picking up, but the data is still far below the levels typically associated with euphoric phases. Historically, this stage has appeared before momentum expands, when interest starts to grow, not at the end of it.

Another piece of the on-chain activity comes from BNB, where average spot order sizes have been large and consistent despite relatively uneventful price action. BNB’s price action looks boring on the outside, but average spot order sizes are at levels similar to those seen before the altcoin season in 2021, and this can be taken as a sign of something interesting brewing beneath the surface.

Taken together, these on-chain signals reinforce the idea that if Ethereum does drive the next altcoin season, the course of events might be much more collective and differ from the previous altcoin seasons.